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詩歌的意義在于抒寫文辭、傳達情志?！笆嫖妮d實”屬于詩歌創(chuàng)作論?！笆嫖摹敝附M織安排詞句，“載實”指承載、傳達作者的情感心志，二者不可偏廢。這一術(shù)語所傳達的意旨，實際是儒家的文質(zhì)觀，即詩文創(chuàng)作要達到“文質(zhì)彬彬”的均衡狀態(tài)。如果只注重“文”，過多地修飾詞句，文章就會顯得虛??；如果只注重“實”，又過于質(zhì)樸粗野，文章則缺乏美感。故“文”“實”配合良好才是創(chuàng)作的首要原則。
The essence of poetry is to convey feelings and aspirations through fine wording. Fine wording involves the proper arrangement of words and sentences, while the voicing of feelings and aspirations constitutes the material content of poetry. Neither of these aspects should be neglected in favor of the other. The term taken as a whole reflects the Confucian view on the relationship between form and substance; that is, writing should achieve a balance between these twin demands. If the writer pays too much attention to form, his writing will sound supercilious. If he is over mindful of substance, it will sound crude and devoid of artistic merit. Therefore, a good combination of form and substance should be the primary principle of poetic creation.
引例 Citations：
◎是以“在心為志，發(fā)言為詩”，舒文載實，其在茲乎？（劉勰《文心雕龍·明詩》）
因此，“藏在心里就是情感意志，用語言把它表達出來就是詩歌”，詩歌抒寫文辭、傳達情志，它的意義就在于此吧？
Therefore, "if hidden in his heart, it is his feelings or aspirations. Once expressed in words, it becomes poetry." That is what the writing of poetry is all about, isn't it? (Liu Xie: The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)
◎故情者文之經(jīng)，辭者理之緯。經(jīng)正而后緯成，理定而后辭暢：此立文之本源也。（劉勰《文心雕龍·情采》）
情感思想猶如文章的經(jīng)線，文辭猶如文章的緯線。經(jīng)線正了，緯線才能織成；情理與內(nèi)容確定了，詞句才能暢達：這是寫文章的根本原則。
Feelings and thoughts are akin to the vertical warp lines of a piece of writing, and wording akin to the horizontal weft lines. Only if warp lines are straight can weft lines be properly weaved together. Likewise, only if content and theme have been decided can wording become fluent. This is a fundamental principle of writing. (Liu Xie: The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學 外語教學與研究出版社
責任編輯：錢耐安
